Obseravciones sobre las transferencias léxicas del inglés en español bonaerense

Abstract

En español bonaerense, numerosos préstamos de lenguas europeas se han incorporado al acervo léxico en los dos últimos siglos, como concomitantes lingüísticos de diversos fenómenos culturales. La última lengua con un rol donante de relevancia es el inglés, como en el caso de muchas otras variedades lingüísticas en el mundo. En este artículo analizamos algunos de los emergentes del influjo del inglés en español bonaerense, particularmente a nivel léxico

In the Spanish variety spoken in Buenos Aires, many loanwords from European languages have been incorporated to its lexical store in the last two centuries, as linguistic consequences of different cultural phenomena. The last language with a donor role of significance is English, as in case of lots of other linguistic varieties all over the world. In this article we analyze some of the resultants of the influence of English on Buenos Aires’ Spanish, particularly at the lexical level. Firstly, on the basis of our registers we revise some correlations that are commonly taken for granted (between use extension and adaptation to the recipient language, between oral and written uses from the same borrowed lexemes, between the permanence in use of a loanword and the fixation with which it is orally realized and/or it is graphemically represented, between fixation and adaptation). Secondly, we analyze hypercorrection requests, that clearly show the intimate relationship between uses and attitudes, as well as the guiding role that the prestige of the donor language exerts over the latter (even when it is combined with an insufficient knowledge of it). Lastly, we lend evidence of uses in which a special model position of English is verified, because sometimes regional speakers also fall back on its patterns (as well as on their native Spanish ones) for the realization of other languages’ incorporations or for some creative innovations